A global reptile assessment highlights shared conservation needs of tetrapods

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dc.contributor.authorCox, Neil
dc.contributor.authorYoung, Bruce E.
dc.contributor.authorBowles, Philip
dc.contributor.authorFernandez, Miguel
dc.contributor.authorMarin, Julie
dc.contributor.authorRapacciuolo, Giovanni
dc.contributor.authorBöhm, Monika
dc.contributor.authorBrooks, Thomas M.
dc.contributor.authorHedges, Blair
dc.contributor.authorHilton-Taylor, Craig
dc.contributor.authorHoffman, Michael
dc.contributor.authorJenkins, Richard K. B.
dc.contributor.authorTognelli, Marcelo F.
dc.contributor.authorAlexander, Graham J.
dc.contributor.authorAllison, Allen
dc.contributor.authorAnanjeva, Natalia B.
dc.contributor.authorAuliya, Mark
dc.contributor.authorAvila, Luciano Javier
dc.contributor.authorChapple, David G.
dc.contributor.authorCisneros-Heredia, Diego F.
dc.contributor.authorCogger, Harold G.
dc.contributor.authorColli, Guarino R.
dc.contributor.authorda Silva, Anslem
dc.contributor.authorEisemberg, Carla C.
dc.contributor.authorEls, Johannes
dc.contributor.authorFong G., Ansel
dc.contributor.authorGrant, Tandora D.
dc.contributor.authorHitchmough, Rodney A.
dc.contributor.authorIskander, Djoko T.
dc.contributor.authorKidera, Noriko
dc.contributor.authorMartins, Marcio
dc.contributor.authorMeiri, Shai
dc.contributor.authorMitchell, Nicola J.
dc.contributor.authorMolur, Sanjay
dc.contributor.authorNogueira, Cristiano de C.
dc.contributor.authorOrtiz, Juan Carlos
dc.contributor.authorPenner, Johannes
dc.contributor.authorRhodin, Anders G. H.
dc.contributor.authorRivas, Gilson A.
dc.contributor.authorRödel, Mark-Oliver
dc.contributor.authorRoll, Uri
dc.contributor.authorSanders, Kate L.
dc.contributor.authorSantos-Barrera, Georgina
dc.contributor.authorShea, Glenn M.
dc.contributor.authorSpawls, Stephen
dc.contributor.authorStuart, Bryan L.
dc.contributor.authorTolley, Krystal A.
dc.contributor.authorTrape, Jean-François
dc.contributor.authorVidal, Marcela A.
dc.contributor.authorWagner, Philipp
dc.contributor.authorWallace, Bryan P.
dc.contributor.authorXie, Yan
dc.date.accessioned2023-04-14T06:55:57Z
dc.date.available2023-04-14T06:55:57Z
dc.date.issued2022-04-27
dc.description© The Author(s) 2022. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Version of Scholarly Record of this Article is published in Nature, 2022, available online at: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04664-7 . Keywords: conservation; reptiles; International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List; global assessment; extinction-risk.
dc.description.abstractComprehensive assessments of species’ extinction risks have documented the extinction crisis and underpinned strategies for reducing those risks. Global assessments reveal that, among tetrapods, 40.7% of amphibians, 25.4% of mammals and 13.6% of birds are threatened with extinction. Because global assessments have been lacking, reptiles have been omitted from conservation-prioritization analyses that encompass other tetrapods. Reptiles are unusually diverse in arid regions, suggesting that they may have different conservation needs. Here we provide a comprehensive extinction-risk assessment of reptiles and show that at least 1,829 out of 10,196 species (21.1%) are threatened—confirming a previous extrapolation and representing 15.6 billion years of phylogenetic diversity. Reptiles are threatened by the same major factors that threaten other tetrapods—agriculture, logging, urban development and invasive species—although the threat posed by climate change remains uncertain. Reptiles inhabiting forests, where these threats are strongest, are more threatened than those in arid habitats, contrary to our prediction. Birds, mammals and amphibians are unexpectedly good surrogates for the conservation of reptiles, although threatened reptiles with the smallest ranges tend to be isolated from other threatened tetrapods. Although some reptiles—including most species of crocodiles and turtles—require urgent, targeted action to prevent extinctions, efforts to protect other tetrapods, such as habitat preservation and control of trade and invasive species, will probably also benefit many reptiles.
dc.description.sponsorshipFunding was provided by Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica-Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica RC 2014-0116 (L.J.A.); the Australian Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment; the Australian Research Council; B. and G. Moore; Charles Darwin University; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; the Environment Agency Abu Dhabi; Environment and Protected Areas Authority of Sharjah; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo grants 2015/20215-7 (C.d.C.N.) and 2020/12658-4 (M.M.); Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Distrito Federal; Global Protected Area Friendly System; IBAT—The Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool; Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade; IUCN; Ministério do Meio Ambiente; the Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund; Monash University; Museum für Naturkunde; National Science Foundation grants 1136586 (B.E.Y. and T.M.B.), 1455761 (S.B.H.) and 1932765 (S.B.H.); the Rainforest Trust; the Regina Bauer Frankenberg Foundation; the Rufford Foundation; San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance; Secretaría de Educación Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación; the Society of Entrepreneurs and Ecology Foundation; the South African National Biodiversity Institute; Species Survival Commission; Toyota Motor Corporation through the IUCN-Toyota Red List Partnership; US Fish and Wildlife Service; Universidad del Bío-Bío; Universidad San Francisco de Quito; University of Western Australia; Wildlife Reserves Singapore; World Wildlife Fund; Zoological Institute, St Petersburg theme 122031100282-2; and Zoological Society of London.
dc.identifier.citationCox, N., Young, B.E., Bowles, P. et al. A global reptile assessment highlights shared conservation needs of tetrapods. Nature 605, 285–290 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04664-7
dc.identifier.otherhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04664-7
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14096/323
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer Nature
dc.titleA global reptile assessment highlights shared conservation needs of tetrapods
dc.typeArticle

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